Research progress on the predictive role of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 in pulmonary diseases / 中国职业医学

Early diagnosis of pulmonary diseases is of great significance for their prevention and treatment. Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) assay can reflect the damage degree of alveolar epithelium and stromal tissue, and is simple, non-invasive and low-cost. Pervious study showed that the serum KL-6 level was higher in patients with various interstitial lung diseases (e.g. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and connective tissue disease, primary Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and systemic sclerosis combined with interstitial lung disease), non-small cell lung cancer, various pneumonias and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared to healthy controls. Therefore, serum KL-6 has good sensitivity and specificity for the early diagnosis of these diseases. Occupational pneumoconiosis is an interstitial lung disease with a well-established etiology. Pervious study has shown that serum KL-6 level was higher in patients with occupational silicosis, occupational asbestosis, and dust-exposed workers compared to healthy controls. However, due to the limited sample size and the inconsistent findings on different studies, further research is needed to study the role of serum KL-6 in the early diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. Future studies should increase the sample size, improve the detection methods for serum KL-6, explore its feasibility as an early diagnostic biomarker for occupational pulmonary diseases, and investigate the efficacy andvalue of its combined application with other biomarkers in the early diagnosis of various pulmonary diseases, including occupational lung diseases, to fully exploit its predictive role in pulmonary diseases.

column:Detection of fetal umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery blood flow by ultrasound for prediction of pregnancy outcome among births affected by velamentous umbilical cord insertion / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of detection of fetal umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery blood flow by ultrasound in predicting the pregnancy outcome among births affected by velamentous umbilical cord insertion.Methods:Ninety pregnant women who undergo regular prenatal examination and delivered births with velamentous insertion of the umbilical cord from April 2017 to April 2020 in Quzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital were included in this study. All patients were examined by transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound in the second trimester of pregnancy. The resistance index (RI) and systolic/diastolic flow velocity ratio (S/D) of fetal umbilical cord and middle cerebral artery were recorded and compared between pregnancy outcomes. The RI and S/D of umbilical cord and middle cerebral artery of births affected by velamentous umbilical cord insertion were correlated with adverse pregnancy outcome.Results:The RI and S/D of umbilical cord in births affected by adverse pregnancy outcome were higher than those in births not affected by adverse pregnancy outcome [ RI: (0.72 ± 0.08) vs. (0.63 ± 0.05); S/D: (3.08 ± 0.46) vs. (2.59 ± 0.35)]. The RI and S/D of middle cerebral artery in births affected by adverse pregnancy outcome were lower than those in births not affected by adverse pregnancy outcome [RI: (0.55 ± 0.06) vs. (0.79 ± 0.09); SD: (3.41 ± 0.37) vs. (5.26 ± 0.61)]. The differences were statistically significant ( t = 8.327-15.429, P = 0.000-0.000 < 0.05). RI and S/D of umbilical cord in births affected by velamentous insertion of the umbilical cord were positively correlated with adverse pregnancy outcome ( r = 0.779, 0.883, P = 0.004, < 0.05). RI and S/D of middle cerebral artery in births affected by velamentous umbilical cord insertion were negatively correlated with adverse pregnancy outcome ( r = -0.752, -0.847, P = 0.007, < 0.05). Conclusion:Detection of RI and S/D of umbilical cord and middle cerebral artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the second trimester of pregnancy is of certain clinical value in predicting the pregnancy outcome among births affected by velamentous umbilical cord insertion. This should be paid more attention in department of obstetrics and gynecology.

The willingness and influencing factors on implementing telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation among the public: a qualitative research / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To understand the public's willingness to implement telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (T-CPR) and its influence factors, so as to provide relevant evidence for implementing telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation in China.Methods:Using the qualitative research method to interview 20 members of the public deeply. And Using the content analysis method to summarize the topic.Results:Two major themes were summarized, the public′s willingness to implement T-CPR and the influence factors of implementing T-CPR. Among theme, the influencing factors of the implementation of T-CPR mainly included the public's own factors (weak sense of first aid, poor first aid skills), patient factors (causes of cardiac arrest, relationship between patients and witnesses, age of patients), pressure of public opinion, and guidance methods.Conclusions:According to the qualitative interview results of the public′s willingness to implement T-CPR and its influence factors, there is a large room for improvement in the T-CPR rate of the public in China. And it′s urgent to improve relevant laws, policies and guidance standards, and vigorously promote and popularize T-CPR.

Prevalence and Prognostic Role of PIK3CA/AKT1 Mutations in Chinese Breast Cancer Patients / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: The prevalence of PIK3CA in Chinese breast cancer patients may be underestimated. Therefore, we investigated the distribution of somatic PIK3CA/AKT1 mutations in Chinese breast cancer patients and explored their roles in tumor phenotypes and disease prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tumors from 507 breast cancer patients were prospectively collected from the West China Hospital between 2008 and 2013. Whole exons of AKT1 and PIK3CA were detected in fresh-frozen tumors using next-generation sequencing, and correlations between PIK3CA/AKT1 mutations and clinicopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: The AKT1 mutation was found in 3.6% (18/507) of patients. Tumors from patients that carried the AKT1 mutation were estrogen receptor (ER)+/progesterone receptor (PR)+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‒ and were more likely to have high expression levels of Ki67. The prevalence of the PIK3CA mutation was 46.5% (236/507), and 35 patients carried two or three variants of the PIK3CA gene. PIK3CA mutations were associated with ER+/PR+/HER2‒ status. The prognosis of patients with one mutation in PIK3CA (or PIK3CA/AKT1) was not significantly different than that of patients with wild-type PIK3CA (or PIK3CA/AKT1), while patients with two or three variants in PIK3CA (or PIK3CA/AKT1) exhibited poorer outcomes in the entire group and in all three subgroups (ER+, HER2‒, Ki67 high), particularly with respect to overall survival. CONCLUSION: A high frequency of somatic PIK3CA mutations was detected in Chinese breast cancer patients. In addition to the mutation frequency, the tumor mutational burden of the PIK3CA and AKT1 genes should also be of concern, as they may be associated with poor prognosis.

Oral health status of 4-17-year-old orphan children and adolescents of Chongqing / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the oral health status among the orphan children and adolescents of Chongqing and assist in planning of the oral health programs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the third national oral health investigation of epidemiology, the dental caries, gingival bleeding and calculus was examined among 317 orphan living in Chongqing, by cluster sampling. The statistical software SPSS 17.0 was used for the data analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In primary and permanent teeth, the prevalence of dental caries and mean DMFT (dmft) were found to be 50.00%, 1.94 +/- 2.81 and 39.53%, 0.90 +/- 1.38. There were no significant difference between female and male (P>0.05). But there was significant difference of the prevalence of permanent tooth caries between the age group under 12 (include 12) and above 12 (P < 0.05). It was also found that 35.25% of the orphan children and adolescents had caries in the first permanent molar, and there was significant difference between female and male (P < 0.05). Neither of the caries teeth above was treated nor the healthy teeth were sealed. The prevalence rate of gingival bleeding was 78.22%, and the calculus rate was 67.66%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The oral status of the orphan is poor, and this community has experienced a low utilization of preventive or therapeutic oral health services. In the future work, orphans should be considered as a priority group when make plans for oral health care.</p>

Discovery of a Residual Focus of Bancroftian Filariasis after Declaration of its Transmission Interruption in Guangxi / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To describe the discovery of a residual foci of bancroftian filariasis in Fuchuan County where the disease was announced to have been eliminated, and reveal its epidemiologic feature.Methods The investigation was carried out from August 2007 to March 2008 among residents in Changtang village where the first caseof filariasiswas found and the neighboring villages.They were screened with two thick blood smears.Immunochromatographic technology(ICT) was conducted for those going out but returned and those in surrounding areas.Vector mosquitoes were collected and dissected to find filaria larvae.Historical documents were reviewed and relevant people were interviewed.Results In Changtang administrative village, 1 052 residents were screened and 19 cases with microfilaremia were found in 2 natural villages, with a Mf-positive rate of 1.8%(5.1% in Gangshang and 1.4% in Yinshan respectively).No Mf-positive case was found in 4 119 residents screened in other 3 villages.The average microfilaria density in the 19 cases was 17.37/60 ?l blood.All the 19 cases belonged to 12 families, and 13 cases were relatives to each other, which showed a feature of spatial clustering and family clustering.More patients were identified in the age groups of 20-29 and 50-59, and 57.9% of them were older than 50 years.No larvae were found in 54 Culex pipiens fatigans dissected.Conclusion The Changtang village is identified as a residual focus of bancroftian filariasis with a low, limited endemicity.More cases have been among the elderly with a low average microfilaremia.